﻿{"id":31958,"date":"2025-11-14T17:01:33","date_gmt":"2025-11-14T10:01:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nhathuocngocanh.com\/bp\/?p=31958"},"modified":"2025-11-14T17:01:33","modified_gmt":"2025-11-14T10:01:33","slug":"ziprasidone-hydrochloride-monohydrate","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nhathuocngocanh.com\/bp\/ziprasidone-hydrochloride-monohydrate\/","title":{"rendered":"Ziprasidone Hydrochloride Monohydrate"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Edition: BP 2025 (Ph. Eur. 11.6 update)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Action and use<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist; serotonin 5HT2 receptor antagonist; neuroleptic.<\/p>\n<h2>DEFINITION<\/h2>\n<p>5-[2-[4-(1,2-Benzisothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl]-6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one hydrochloride monohydrate.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Content<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>98.0 per cent to 102.0 per cent (anhydrous substance).<\/p>\n<h2>CHARACTERS<\/h2>\n<h3>Appearance<\/h3>\n<p>White or slightly pink powder.<\/p>\n<h3>Solubility<\/h3>\n<p>Practically insoluble in water, slightly soluble in methanol and in methylene chloride. It shows polymorphism (5.9).<\/p>\n<h2>IDENTIFICATION<\/h2>\n<p>A. Infrared absorption spectrophotometry (2.2.24).<\/p>\n<p>Comparison\u00a0 ziprasidone hydrochloride monohydrate CRS.<\/p>\n<p>If the spectra obtained in the solid state show differences, dissolve the substance to be examined and the reference substance separately in methanol R, evaporate to dryness and record new spectra using the residues.<\/p>\n<p>B. Suspend 30 mg in 2 mL of water R, acidify with 0.15 mL of dilute nitric acid R and filter. The clear filtrate gives reaction (a) of chlorides (2.3.1).<\/p>\n<h2>TESTS<\/h2>\n<h3>Related substances<\/h3>\n<p>Liquid chromatography (2.2.29). Carry out the test protected from light and prepare the solutions immediately before use. Solvent mixture A water R, methanol R (40:60 V\/V).<\/p>\n<p>Solvent mixture B\u00a0 hydrochloric acid R, water R, methanol R (0.04:20:80 V\/V\/V).<\/p>\n<p>Test solution (a) Dissolve 23 mg of the substance to be examined in solvent mixture A and dilute to 100.0 mL with solvent mixture A.<\/p>\n<p>Test solution (b) Dissolve 23 mg of the substance to be examined in solvent mixture B and dilute to 50.0 mL with solvent mixture B.<\/p>\n<p>Reference solution (a) Dissolve 2.5 mg of ziprasidone for system suitability 1 CRS (containing impurities A, B and C) in solvent mixture A and dilute to 10.0 mL with solvent mixture A.<\/p>\n<p>Reference solution (b) Dilute 1.0 mL of test solution (b) to 100.0 mL with solvent mixture B. Dilute 1.0 mL of this solution to 10.0 mL with solvent mixture B.<\/p>\n<p>Reference solution (c) Dissolve the contents of a vial of ziprasidone for system suitability 2 CRS (containing impurities D and E) in 1.0 mL of solvent mixture B.<\/p>\n<p>A. Column:<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 size: l = 0.15 m, \u00d8 = 4.6 mm;<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 stationary phase: spherical octylsilyl silica gel for chromatography R (5 \u00b5m);<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 temperature: 40 \u00b0C.<\/p>\n<p>Mobile phase:<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 mobile phase A: mix 40 volumes of methanol R and 60 volumes of a 6.8 g\/L solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate R previously adjusted to pH 2.5 with phosphoric acid R;<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 mobile phase B: methanol R;<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%; text-align: center;\"><strong>Time (min)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%; text-align: center;\"><strong>Mobile phase A (per cent V\/V)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%; text-align: center;\"><strong>Mobile phase B (per cent V\/V)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%; text-align: center;\">0 &#8211; 20<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%; text-align: center;\">100<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%; text-align: center;\">0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%; text-align: center;\">20 &#8211; 21<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%; text-align: center;\">100 \u2192 0<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%; text-align: center;\">0 \u2192 100<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%; text-align: center;\">21 &#8211; 24<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%; text-align: center;\">0<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%; text-align: center;\">100<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Flow rate\u00a0 1.5 mL\/min.<\/p>\n<p>Detection\u00a0 Spectrophotometer at 229 nm.<\/p>\n<p>Injection\u00a0 20 \u00b5L of test solutions (a) and (b) and reference solutions (a) and (b).<\/p>\n<p>Identification of impurities Use the chromatogram supplied with ziprasidone for system suitability 1 CRS and the chromatogram obtained with reference solution (a) to identify the peaks due to impurities A, B and C.<\/p>\n<p>Relative retention With reference to ziprasidone (retention time = about 7 min): impurity A = about 0.4; impurity B = about 0.8; impurity C = about 0.9.<\/p>\n<p>System suitability\u00a0 Reference solution (a):<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 peak-to-valley ratio: minimum 1.2, where Hp = height above the baseline of the peak due to impurity C and<\/p>\n<p>Hv = height above the baseline of the lowest point of the curve separating this peak from the peak due to impurity B.<\/p>\n<p>Limits:<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 correction factor: for the calculation of content, multiply the peak area of impurity A by 0.7;<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 impurity B in test solution (b): not more than twice the area of the principal peak in the chromatogram obtained with reference solution (b) (0.2 per cent);<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 impurity A in test solution (b): not more than 1.5 times the area of the principal peak in the chromatogram obtained with reference solution (b) (0.15 per cent);<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 impurity C in test solution (a): not more than 0.75 times the area of the principal peak in the chromatogram obtained with reference solution (b) (0.15 per cent);<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 unspecified impurities in test solution (b): for each impurity, not more than the area of the principal peak in the chromatogram obtained with reference solution (b) (0.10 per cent);<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 disregard limit in test solution (b): 0.5 times the area of the principal peak in the chromatogram obtained with reference solution (b) (0.05 per cent); disregard the peak due to impurity C and any peak with a retention time greater than 20 min.<\/p>\n<p>B. Column:<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 size: l = 0.15 m, \u00d8 = 4.6 mm;<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 stationary phase: spherical octylsilyl silica gel for chromatography R (5 \u00b5m);<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 temperature: 35 \u00b0C.<\/p>\n<p>Mobile phase\u00a0 Mix 5 volumes of methanol R, 40 volumes of a 6.8 g\/L solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate R adjusted to pH 6.0 with a 280 g\/L solution of potassium hydroxide R, and 55 volumes of acetonitrile R1. Flow rate 1.0 mL\/min.<\/p>\n<p>Detection\u00a0 Spectrophotometer at 229 nm.<\/p>\n<p>Injection\u00a0 20 \u00b5L of test solution (b) and reference solutions (b) and (c).<\/p>\n<p>Run time\u00a0 11 times the retention time of ziprasidone.<\/p>\n<p>Identification of impurities Use the chromatogram supplied with ziprasidone for system suitability 2 CRS and the chromatogram obtained with reference solution (c) to identify the peaks due to impurities D and E.<\/p>\n<p>Relative retention With reference to ziprasidone (retention time = about 4.5 min): impurity D = about 2.0; impurity E = about 3.0.<\/p>\n<p>System suitability\u00a0 Reference solution (c):<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 resolution: minimum 6.0 between the peaks due to ziprasidone and impurity D.<\/p>\n<p>Limits:<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 correction factors: for the calculation of content, multiply the peak areas of the following impurities by the corresponding correction factor: impurity D = 1.4; impurity E = 0.5;<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 impurities D, E: for each impurity, not more than 1.5 times the area of the principal peak in the chromatogram obtained with reference solution (b) (0.15 per cent);<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 unspecified impurities: for each impurity, not more than the area of the principal peak in the chromatogram obtained with reference solution (b) (0.10 per cent);<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 disregard limit: 0.5 times the area of the principal peak in the chromatogram obtained with reference solution (b) (0.05 per cent); disregard any peak eluting before the peak due to ziprasidone.<\/p>\n<p>Limit:<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 total for tests A and B: maximum 0.5 per cent.<\/p>\n<h3>Water (2.5.12)<\/h3>\n<p>3.7 per cent to 5.0 per cent, determined on 0.250 g.<\/p>\n<h3>Sulfated ash (2.4.14)<\/h3>\n<p>Maximum 0.1 per cent, determined on 1.0 g.<\/p>\n<h2>ASSAY<\/h2>\n<p>Liquid chromatography (2.2.29). Carry out the test protected from light and prepare the solutions immediately before use. Solvent mixture water R, methanol R (40:60 V\/V).<\/p>\n<p>Test solution Dissolve 23.0 mg of the substance to be examined in the solvent mixture and dilute to 100.0 mL with the solvent mixture.<\/p>\n<p>Reference solution\u00a0 Dissolve 23.0 mg of ziprasidone hydrochloride monohydrate CRS in the solvent mixture and dilute to 100.0 mL with the solvent mixture.<\/p>\n<p>Column:<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 size: l = 0.15 m, \u00d8 = 4.6 mm;<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 stationary phase: spherical octylsilyl silica gel for chromatography R (5 \u00b5m);<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 temperature: 40 \u00b0C.<\/p>\n<p>Mobile phase\u00a0 Mix 40 volumes of methanol R and 60 volumes of a 6.8 g\/L solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate R adjusted to pH 3.0 with phosphoric acid R.<\/p>\n<p>Flow rate 1.5 mL\/min.<\/p>\n<p>Detection\u00a0 Spectrophotometer at 229 nm.<\/p>\n<p>Injection\u00a0 20 \u00b5L.<\/p>\n<p>Run time\u00a0 Twice the retention time of ziprasidone.<\/p>\n<p>Retention time\u00a0 Ziprasidone = about 7 min.<\/p>\n<p>System suitability\u00a0 Reference solution:<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 symmetry factor: maximum 2.0 for the peak due to ziprasidone.<\/p>\n<p>Calculate the percentage content of C<sub>21<\/sub>H<sub>22<\/sub>Cl<sub>2<\/sub>N<sub>4<\/sub>OS from the declared content of ziprasidone hydrochloride monohydrate CRS.<\/p>\n<h2>STORAGE<\/h2>\n<p>Protected from light.<\/p>\n<h2>IMPURITIES<\/h2>\n<p>Specified impurities\u00a0 A, B, C, D, E.<\/p>\n<p>A. 3-piperazin-1-yl-1,2-benzisothiazole,<\/p>\n<p>B. 5-[2-[4-(1,2-benzisothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl]-6-chloro-1H-indole-2,3-dione,<\/p>\n<p>C. 2-[2-amino-5-[2-[4-(1,2-benzisothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl]-4-chlorophenyl]acetic acid,<\/p>\n<p>D. 5,5\u2032-bis[2-[4-(1,2-benzisothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl]-6,6\u2032-dichloro-3-hydroxy-1,1\u2032,3,3\u2032-tetrahydro-2H,2\u2032H-3,3\u2032-\u00a0 biindole-2,2\u2032-dione,<\/p>\n<p>E. 3-(1,2-benzisothiazol-3-yl)-5-[2-[4-(1,2-benzisothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl]-6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Edition: BP 2025 (Ph. Eur. 11.6 update) Action and use Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist; serotonin 5HT2 receptor antagonist; neuroleptic. DEFINITION 5-[2-[4-(1,2-Benzisothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl]-6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one hydrochloride monohydrate. Content 98.0 per cent to 102.0 per cent (anhydrous substance). CHARACTERS Appearance White or slightly pink powder. Solubility Practically insoluble in water, slightly soluble in methanol and in methylene chloride. It shows&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":31960,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[174],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31958","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-medicinal-substances"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nhathuocngocanh.com\/bp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31958","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nhathuocngocanh.com\/bp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nhathuocngocanh.com\/bp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nhathuocngocanh.com\/bp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nhathuocngocanh.com\/bp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31958"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/nhathuocngocanh.com\/bp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31958\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":31966,"href":"https:\/\/nhathuocngocanh.com\/bp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31958\/revisions\/31966"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nhathuocngocanh.com\/bp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/31960"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nhathuocngocanh.com\/bp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31958"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nhathuocngocanh.com\/bp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31958"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nhathuocngocanh.com\/bp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31958"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}