{"id":1064,"date":"2025-09-18T09:24:51","date_gmt":"2025-09-18T02:24:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nhathuocngocanh.com\/bp\/?p=1064"},"modified":"2025-10-02T16:50:50","modified_gmt":"2025-10-02T09:50:50","slug":"abacavir-sulfate","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nhathuocngocanh.com\/bp\/abacavir-sulfate\/","title":{"rendered":"Abacavir Sulfate"},"content":{"rendered":"

(Ph. Eur. monograph 2589)<\/p>\n

C_{28<\/sub>H_{38<\/sub>N_{12<\/sub>O_{6<\/sub>S\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0671\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 188062-50-2<\/p>\n}}}}

Action and use<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; antiviral (HIV).<\/p>\n

Preparations<\/strong><\/p>\n

Abacavir Oral Solution<\/p>\n

Abacavir Tablets<\/p>\n

Abacavir, Zidovudine and Lamivudine Tablets<\/p>\n

Abacavir and Lamivudine Tablets<\/p>\n

DEFINITION<\/h2>\n
Bis[[(1S,4R)-4-[2-amino-6-(cyclopropylamino)-9H-purin-9-yl]cyclopent-2-enyl]methanol] sulfate.<\/p>\n
Content<\/h3>\n
99.0 per cent to 101.0 per cent (anhydrous substance).<\/p>\n
CHARACTERS<\/h2>\n
Appearance<\/h3>\n
White or almost white powder.<\/p>\n
Solubility<\/h3>\n
Soluble in water, practically insoluble in ethanol (96 per cent) and in methylene chloride.<\/p>\n
IDENTIFICATION<\/h2>\n
A. Infrared absorption spectrophotometry (2.2.24).<\/p>\n
Comparison abacavir sulfate CRS.<\/p>\n
B. Enantiomeric purity (see Tests).<\/p>\n
C. Solution S (see Tests) gives reaction (a) of sulfates (2.3.1).<\/p>\n
TESTS<\/h2>\n
Solution S<\/h3>\n
Dissolve 0.250 g in water R and dilute to 25.0 mL with the same solvent.<\/p>\n
Enantiomeric purity<\/h3>\n
Liquid chromatography (2.2.29).<\/p>\n
Solution A: Mix 0.5 mL of trifluoroacetic acid R and 100 mL of methanol R.<\/p>\n
Solution B: Mix 30 volumes of methanol R, 30 volumes of 2-propanol R and 40 volumes of heptane R.<\/p>\n
Test solution: Dissolve 40 mg of the substance to be examined in 30 mL of solution A. Sonicate until dissolution is complete. Add 30 mL of 2-propanol R and dilute to 100.0 mL with heptane R.<\/p>\n
Reference solution: (a) Dissolve 2 mg of abacavir for system suitability CRS (containing impurities A and D) in 1.5 mL of solution A. Sonicate until dissolution is complete. Add 1.5 mL of 2-propanol R and dilute to 5.0 mL with heptane R.<\/p>\n
Reference solution (b): Dilute 1.0 mL of the test solution to 100.0 mL with solution B. Dilute 1.0 mL of this solution to 10.0 mL with solution B.<\/p>\n
Column:<\/p>\n
\u2014 size: l = 0.25 m, \u00d8 = 4.6 mm;<\/p>\n
\u2014 stationary phase: amylose derivative of silica gel for chiral separation R (10 \u03bcm);\u2014 temperature: 30 \u00b0C.<\/p>\n
Mobile phase:<\/p>\n
\u2014 mobile phase A: diethylamine R, 2-propanol R, heptane R (0.1:15:85 V\/V\/V);<\/p>\n
\u2014 mobile phase B: heptane R, 2-propanol R (50:50 V\/V);<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Time<\/strong>
\n(min)<\/strong><\/td>\n Mobile phase A<\/strong>
\n(per cent V\/V)<\/strong><\/td>\n Mobile phase B<\/strong>
\n(per cent V\/V)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
0 – 25<\/td>\n \u00a0100<\/td>\n 0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
25 – 27<\/td>\n \u00a0100 \u2192 0<\/td>\n \u00a00 \u2192 100<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
27 – 37<\/td>\n 0<\/td>\n 100<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
Flow rate: 1.0 mL\/min.<\/p>\n
Detection: Spectrophotometer at 286 nm.<\/p>\n
Injection 20 \u03bcL.<\/p>\n
Identification of impurities Use the chromatogram supplied with abacavir for system suitability CRS and the chromatogram obtained with reference solution (a) to identify the peaks due to impurities A and D.<\/p>\n
Relative retention With reference to abacavir (retention time = about 17 min): impurity D = about 0.8; impurity A = about 0.9.<\/p>\n
System suitability Reference solution (a):<\/p>\n
\u2014 resolution: minimum 1.5 between the peaks due to impurities D and A; minimum 1.5 between the peaks due to impurity A and abacavir.<\/p>\n
Limit:<\/p>\n
\u2014 impurity A: not more than 3 times the area of the principal peak in the chromatogram obtained with reference solution (b) (0.3 per cent).<\/p>\n
Related substances<\/h3>\n
Liquid chromatography (2.2.29). Prepare the solutions immediately before use and transfer them to low-adsorption, inert glass vials.<\/p>\n
Test solution Dissolve 25 mg of the substance to be examined in water R and dilute to 100.0 mL with the same solvent.<\/p>\n
Sonicate until dissolution is complete.<\/p>\n
Reference solution (a) Dissolve 2.5 mg of abacavir for peak identification CRS (containing impurities B and D) in 10.0 mL of water R.<\/p>\n
Reference solution (b) Dilute 1.0 mL of the test solution to 100.0 mL with water R. Dilute 1.0 mL of this solution to 10.0 mL with water R.<\/p>\n
Column:<\/p>\n
\u2014 size: l = 0.15 m, \u00d8 = 3.9 mm;<\/p>\n
\u2014 stationary phase: end-capped octadecylsilyl silica gel for chromatography R (5 \u03bcm);<\/p>\n
\u2014 temperature: 30 \u00b0C.<\/p>\n
Mobile phase:<\/p>\n
\u2014 mobile phase A: dilute 0.5 mL of trifluoroacetic acid R in 1000 mL of water R;<\/p>\n
\u2014 mobile phase B: water R, methanol R (15:85 V\/V);<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Time<\/strong>
\n(min)<\/strong><\/td>\n Mobile phase A<\/strong>
\n(per cent V\/V)<\/strong><\/td>\n Mobile phase B<\/strong>
\n(per cent V\/V)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
0 – 5<\/td>\n 95<\/td>\n \u00a05<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5 – 25<\/td>\n \u00a095 \u2192 70<\/td>\n \u00a05 \u2192 30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
25 – 40<\/td>\n 70 \u2192 10<\/td>\n \u00a030 \u2192 90<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
Flow rate: 1.0 mL\/min.<\/p>\n
Detection: Spectrophotometer at 254 nm.<\/p>\n
Injection: 20 \u03bcL.<\/p>\n
Identification of impurities: Use the chromatogram supplied with abacavir for peak identification CRS and the chromatogram obtained with reference solution (a) to identify the peaks due to impurities B and D.<\/p>\n
Relative retention: With reference to abacavir (retention time = about 22 min): impurity D = about 1.04; impurity B = about 1.3.<\/p>\n
System suitability: Reference solution (a):<\/p>\n
\u2014 peak-to-valley ratio: minimum 3.0, where H_{p<\/sub> = height above the baseline of the peak due to impurity D and H_{v<\/sub> = height above the baseline of the lowest point of the curve separating this peak from the peak due to abacavir.<\/p>\n}}
Limits:<\/p>\n
\u2014 impurity B: not more than twice the area of the principal peak in the chromatogram obtained with reference solution (b) (0.2 per cent);<\/p>\n
\u2014 unspecified impurities: for each impurity, not more than the area of the principal peak in the chromatogram obtained with reference solution (b) (0.10 per cent);<\/p>\n
\u2014 total: not more than 5 times the area of the principal peak in the chromatogram obtained with reference solution (b) (0.5 per cent);<\/p>\n
\u2014 disregard limit: 0.5 times the area of the principal peak in the chromatogram obtained with reference solution (b) (0.05 per cent).<\/p>\n
Water (2.5.32)<\/h4>\n
Maximum 0.5 per cent, determined on 60.0 mg.<\/p>\n
Sulfated ash (2.4.14)<\/h4>\n
Maximum 0.2 per cent, determined on 1.0 g.<\/p>\n
ASSAY<\/h2>\n
Dissolve 0.300 g in 50 mL of water R. Titrate with 0.1 M sodium hydroxide, determining the end-point potentiometrically (2.2.20).<\/p>\n
1 mL of 0.1 M sodium hydroxide is equivalent to 33.54 mg of C28H38N12O6S.<\/p>\n
IMPURITIES<\/h2>\n
Specified impurities A, B.<\/p>\n
Other detectable impurities (the following substances would, if present at a sufficient level, be detected by one or other of the tests in the monograph. They are limited by the general acceptance criterion for other\/unspecified impurities and\/or by the general monograph Substances for pharmaceutical use (2034). It is therefore not necessary to identify these impurities for demonstration of compliance. See also 5.10. Control of impurities in substances for pharmaceutical use) C, D, E, F.<\/p>\n
$\"Abacavir$ <\/p>\n
A. [(1R,4S)-4-[2-amino-6-(cyclopropylamino)-9H-purin-9-yl]cyclopent-2-enyl]methanol,<\/p>\n
$\"Abacavir$ <\/p>\n
B. 6-(cyclopropylamino)-9-[(1R,4S)-4-[[(2,5-diamino-6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)oxy]methyl]cyclopent-2-enyl]-9H-purine-2-amine,<\/p>\n
$\"Abacavir$ <\/p>\n
C. [(1S,4R)-4-(2,6-diamino-9H-purin-9-yl)cyclopent-2-enyl]methanol,<\/p>\n
$\"Abacavir$ <\/p>\n
D. [(1R,4R)-4-[2-amino-6-(cyclopropylamino)-9H-purin-9-yl]cyclopent-2-enyl]methanol,<\/p>\n
$\"Abacavir$ <\/p>\n
E. [(1R,3S)-3-[2-amino-6-(cyclopropylamino)-9H-purin-9-yl]cyclopentyl]methanol,<\/p>\n
$\"Abacavir$ <\/p>\n
F. 6-(cyclopropylamino)-9-[(1R,4S)-4-[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)oxy]methyl]cyclopent-2-enyl]-9H-purine-2-amine.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
(Ph. Eur. monograph 2589) C28H38N12O6S\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0671\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 188062-50-2 Action and use Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; antiviral (HIV). Preparations Abacavir Oral Solution Abacavir Tablets Abacavir, Zidovudine and Lamivudine Tablets Abacavir and Lamivudine Tablets DEFINITION Bis[[(1S,4R)-4-[2-amino-6-(cyclopropylamino)-9H-purin-9-yl]cyclopent-2-enyl]methanol] sulfate. Content 99.0 per cent to 101.0 per cent (anhydrous substance). CHARACTERS Appearance White or almost white powder. Solubility…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1081,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[174],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1064","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-medicinal-substances"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nhathuocngocanh.com\/bp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1064","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nhathuocngocanh.com\/bp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nhathuocngocanh.com\/bp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nhathuocngocanh.com\/bp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nhathuocngocanh.com\/bp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1064"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/nhathuocngocanh.com\/bp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1064\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6754,"href":"https:\/\/nhathuocngocanh.com\/bp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1064\/revisions\/6754"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nhathuocngocanh.com\/bp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1081"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nhathuocngocanh.com\/bp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1064"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nhathuocngocanh.com\/bp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1064"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nhathuocngocanh.com\/bp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1064"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}

Content<\/h3>\n99.0 per cent to 101.0 per cent (anhydrous substance).<\/p>\n

CHARACTERS<\/h2>\n

Appearance<\/h3>\nWhite or almost white powder.<\/p>\n

Solubility<\/h3>\nSoluble in water, practically insoluble in ethanol (96 per cent) and in methylene chloride.<\/p>\n

IDENTIFICATION<\/h2>\nA. Infrared absorption spectrophotometry (2.2.24).<\/p>\nComparison abacavir sulfate CRS.<\/p>\nB. Enantiomeric purity (see Tests).<\/p>\nC. Solution S (see Tests) gives reaction (a) of sulfates (2.3.1).<\/p>\n

TESTS<\/h2>\n

Solution S<\/h3>\nDissolve 0.250 g in water R and dilute to 25.0 mL with the same solvent.<\/p>\n

Water (2.5.32)<\/h4>\nMaximum 0.5 per cent, determined on 60.0 mg.<\/p>\n

Sulfated ash (2.4.14)<\/h4>\nMaximum 0.2 per cent, determined on 1.0 g.<\/p>\n

ASSAY<\/h2>\nDissolve 0.300 g in 50 mL of water R. Titrate with 0.1 M sodium hydroxide, determining the end-point potentiometrically (2.2.20).<\/p>\n1 mL of 0.1 M sodium hydroxide is equivalent to 33.54 mg of C28H38N12O6S.<\/p>\n

Content<\/h3>\n
99.0 per cent to 101.0 per cent (anhydrous substance).<\/p>\n

Appearance<\/h3>\n
White or almost white powder.<\/p>\n

Solubility<\/h3>\n
Soluble in water, practically insoluble in ethanol (96 per cent) and in methylene chloride.<\/p>\n

IDENTIFICATION<\/h2>\n
A. Infrared absorption spectrophotometry (2.2.24).<\/p>\n
Comparison abacavir sulfate CRS.<\/p>\n
B. Enantiomeric purity (see Tests).<\/p>\n
C. Solution S (see Tests) gives reaction (a) of sulfates (2.3.1).<\/p>\n

Solution S<\/h3>\n
Dissolve 0.250 g in water R and dilute to 25.0 mL with the same solvent.<\/p>\n

Water (2.5.32)<\/h4>\n
Maximum 0.5 per cent, determined on 60.0 mg.<\/p>\n

Sulfated ash (2.4.14)<\/h4>\n
Maximum 0.2 per cent, determined on 1.0 g.<\/p>\n

ASSAY<\/h2>\n
Dissolve 0.300 g in 50 mL of water R. Titrate with 0.1 M sodium hydroxide, determining the end-point potentiometrically (2.2.20).<\/p>\n
1 mL of 0.1 M sodium hydroxide is equivalent to 33.54 mg of C28H38N12O6S.<\/p>\n